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It’s Not Just Jump Up; Carnival, Mas, and its Emancipated Origins

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BY MICHAEL THOMAS

Call it a carnival, mas, jump up, costumes, or whatever you choose to name it, there is a serious and not so pretty history behind the African-Caribbean celebration most popularly known as Carnival.

Toronto Caribbean Newspaper was privileged to engage retired award-winning mas designer, educator, and veteran mas man Mr. Clarence Forde himself in conversation about the history of mas, carnival and The Freedom Fete as he calls it.

Forde explained how in 1834, the House of Lords in England delivered what was called The Emancipation Act. This act was not recognized in Trinidad until 1837; reason being the emancipated celebration was not going over well with the plantation owners. The plantation owners began to pressure the British politicians to muzzle the celebration because the Africans wanted to celebrate until they were tired, and this meant there was little work getting done. The British politicians, in an effort to shorten or control the former slave’s celebration of freedom came up with what they called Carnival. Before this, the African slaves used to call the celebration Freedom Fete.

One cannot speak of Carnival without speaking of mas, and the veteran mas man told Toronto Carribean Newspaper, “Every costume has a symbolic meaning; we were taunting the plantation owners and dressing like them, that’s why we have the Dame Lorraine charater. The slave masters did not care who impregnated who, and as a result of this mindset, big and strong men were pushed into huts at night to breed the women. This is why we have the Baby Doll character who goes around telling every man she meets he is her child’s daddy. From looking at some of our young men today, it looks like they inherited the Baby Doll tradition by having lots of baby mothers.”

Mas and Carnival itself has a very painful history Forde explained “Even drums were banned on the plantation because the slave masters thought it was a way of communicating with another plantation. This is when the creativity of these slaves took over. They made holes in the bamboo joints and used them to make a musical instrument called the Tambu Bamboo. The Pierrot was a way of using lots of different pieces of cloth to cover the body, and a face mas was to hide their identity from the slave masters  hence the word mas, meaning to conceal.”

Mas and Calypso are cousins some would say, and Forde gave some insight into that part of the roots of Carnival too. “The calypsonian as a slave would put on a facial mas, hide in the bushes where the plantation owners had their garden parties and taunt him by singing out the problems of the plantation in calypso in order to embarrass the plantation owner, a practice known nowadays in the calypso tent as picong.”

Mr. Forde’s purpose is that of an educator in the art and history of carnival and mas. He told Toronto Carribean Newspaper, “Carnival these days is heavily monetarized, and that is what we are staying away from, the slaves did not have any money to buy costumes therefore they had to be creative. From the Jab Jab with the oil and molasses on their skin, to the Dame Lorraine’s who stuffed the breast and bums with whatever they could get.”

Cajuca Mas Arts – of which Forde and his wife Jackie Forde who is an artist are a part of  is in the business of entertaining while educating at the same time. Forde told Toronto Carribean Newspaper, “We are walking in the footsteps of our forefathers; that is why we try to keep our costumes very affordable. We are not in this for the money; we are trying not to have any costumes that are hundreds of dollars.”

For folks who think that Carnival is all about getting drunk and doing stuff that they would not ordinarily do, Forde says, he has sympathy for them and that is why he is in the business of enlightening others of the origins and suffering that has created this great culture. Forde told Toronto Carribean Newspaper his favorite words are “The story must be told.”

Here are some of the events that Clarence Forde and his crew will be making appearances at

Date Event Location
02-Jun-19 Guest Band Launch Queen Victoria Pub and Catering, Scarborough
16-Jun-19 Oshawa Fiesta Oshawa
09-Jul-19 Festival Launch City Hall
20-Jul-19 Arts in the Park Bob Turner Greenspace (Meadowvale/Dean Park)
26-Jul-19 Toronto Police Event Police HQ
College St
26-Jul-19 Beyond the Mas Rivera Banquet Hall
03-Aug-19 Guest Band Parade Lakeshore

In his new role as a reporter and Journalist, Michael can he be described in two words: brilliant, and relentless. Michael Thomas aka Redman was born in Grenada, and at an early age realized his love for music. He began his musical journey as a reggae performer with the street DJs and selectors. After he moved to Toronto in 1989, he started singing with the calypso tents, and in 2008, and 2009 he won the People’s Choice Award and the coveted title of Calypso Monarch. He has taken this same passion, and has begun to focus his attention on doing working within the community.

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1 Comment

1 Comment

  1. Anthony Pierre

    July 16, 2019 at 8:39 am

    Just a note that Mas’ is an abbreviated form of Masquerade and should be spelled to reflect that .. “mass” is totally misleading …

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A true gem in the heart of the Caribbean; Saint Lucia is Definitely not your ordinary island

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Photo Credit: Anandie Talfie

BY SIMONE J. SMITH

Hey there, fellow travel enthusiasts!

Imagine standing atop a breathtaking viewpoint, taking in the panoramic vistas of the sparkling Caribbean Sea and the iconic twin volcanic peaks of the Caribbean, the Pitons. Now, I want you to picture yourself strolling through lush, tropical forests, marveling at the diverse array of flora and fauna that call this island home. If you are a foodie, we cannot forget the incredible seafood and fresh, locally grown fruits that will tantalize your taste buds.

The island that we are going to manifest for your next vacation is no ordinary island – it’s a true feast for the senses, a place where you can immerse yourself in the beauty of nature and the warmth of the local culture. Whether you’re seeking adventure, relaxation, or a combination of both, this captivating destination has something for everyone.

I’m thrilled to take you on an exciting journey to the captivating island of Saint Lucia – a true gem in the heart of the Caribbean. As I promised, for the rest of the year, we’re going to explore the most beautiful destinations in this tropical paradise, and I can’t wait to share my experiences with you.

On my first visit to Saint Lucia, I’ll admit, I didn’t get the chance to appreciate the sheer beauty that this island has to offer. The island unfortunately was locked down due to an impending storm, but during my second trip, I was completely mesmerized by its natural wonders. Lush, verdant landscapes. Towering mountains. Vibrant fauna and mouthwatering local cuisine. Saint Lucia is truly a one-of-a-kind destination that will leave you in awe.

This article will be a quick recap of my time there, and in the upcoming editions, I will take you on an in-depth visual experience of all Saint Lucia has to offer. From reclining on the sandy white beaches, to soaking in the volcanic mud baths of Soufrière, indulging in authentic island food, club-hopping on the Rodney Bay strip, and driving through the countryside. I am going to help you design your vacation to experience everything that you enjoy: exploring abandoned sugar plantations, snorkeling in crystal clear waters, chasing brightly colored fish in the shadow of the Pitons, or experiencing a street party in the sleepy village of Gros Islet.

I had a chance to drive through the mountainous Saint Lucia’s landscape and it is as diverse as her heritage. No two parts of the island are alike! Some parts of Saint Lucia are ideal for bustling nightlife and beachside parties, while others offer opportunities to get away from it all.

North Saint Lucia is one of the most popular locations for visitors to stay. Everything just a few minutes away. While this area is harder to get to from the airport, many visitors are likely to stay in this region during their visit. North Saint Lucia is home to the town of Rodney Bay, which has some of the top Saint Lucia beaches as well as popular nightlife spots. North Saint Lucia has more diverse activities, and is ideal for groups of people traveling together, or for families.

The south side of Saint Lucia is closest to the airport, which means you can relax on beautiful beaches and check in to luxury resorts just minutes after your plane lands. The south part of Saint Lucia Island is also one of the most historic. Visitors have a chance to explore ruins and hike around Vieux Fort, which still has rusty canons and old bricks scattered around. The beaches on this part of the island are known for their length, so you can find a place far away from other visitors if you need to get away for a while.

The west coast of Saint Lucia is home to Soufrière, the original French capital. While this town is quiet in the off-season, it is a popular tourist destination and the port for many cruise ships. You can walk around the Old Town with its colourfully painted buildings and pick up a few handcrafted souvenirs for your friends and family back home. Soufrière is also the jumping off point for other excursions around the island. Soufrière is tucked just under the Petit Piton (the smaller Piton). Its name actually comes from the smell of sulfur emissions from the now-dormant volcanic plug. You can leave the town and go hiking around the Piton and swim in some of the more impressive waterfalls.

Then there is central Saint Lucia, which offers a variety of unique opportunities that the other parts don’t. The central part of the island is home to various forest reserves that protect the natural plant and animal life of Saint Lucia. You can hike past streaming waterfalls and past rushing streams to reach some of the best views on the island. There are lookouts around the reserve where you can see the small towns and pristine beaches below. Along the way, you might spot some of the island’s more exotic birds and even a few small mammals.

I am excited to have you on this adventure with me. I hope you are ready. In this edition, look out for my article about my first stop, the beautiful  Windjammer Landing Villa Beach Resort.

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Windjammer Landing Villa Beach Resort: Your ultimate Caribbean escape awaits

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Photo Credit: Anandie Talfie

BY SIMONE J. SMITH

After a long drive, feeling hot, sticky, and tired, we arrived at the enchanting St. Lucia Resort. The moment we stepped out of the car, we were greeted by beautiful, smiling faces and handed cool, refreshing towels. The warmth of the staff was matched only by the refreshing sweetness of the rum punch they offered us, setting the tone for our stay perfectly.

Check-in was swift and effortless, and before we knew it, we were on a shuttle, whisked away to our luxurious guestroom. Our spacious Ocean View Guestroom, surrounded by the beautiful Caribbean landscape, was a sight to behold. The scenic ocean views from our room were breathtaking. A perfect getaway from the everyday. Located on the hillside, our residential-style accommodations provide a peaceful retreat, with a private terrace overlooking the ocean, offering the ultimate Caribbean escape.

Welcome to paradise. Welcome Windjammer Landing Villa Beach Resort…

Tucked away on a lush hillside along the cobalt Caribbean Sea, Windjammer Landing Villa Beach Resort is a luxurious retreat that evokes the beauty and charm of a picturesque Mediterranean village. This stunning island escape beckons with secluded villas, top-tier amenities, and the warm hospitality of St. Lucia.

As a premium all-inclusive resort, they pride themselves on exceeding their guests’ expectations. It is the perfect resort for: families, honeymooners, and couples. Hillside sanctuaries feature: spacious accommodations, sparkling swimming pools, a variety of motorized sports, and world-class dining experiences. Kids and teens can enjoy pizza parties, coconut bowling, and dance lessons. Pampering anyone? Indulge in a spa treatment, celebrate a special occasion, or simply unwind in our in-water hammocks.

I had an opportunity to sit down with Arlien Dyer, Director of Sales and Marketing, and Lindon Lovell, General Manager at Windjammer Landing Resorts. During out chat, they shared with me exactly why Windjammer Resorts is the perfect luxury experience.

“Welcome to our sanctuary nestled in the heart of St. Lucia,” began Arlien Dyer enthusiastically. “Here at Windjammer Landing Villa Beach Resort, we redefine hospitality with genuine warmth and an unpretentious vibe that invites you to unwind and indulge in the extraordinary. Our dedicated team of thoughtful staff ensures that every moment exceeds your expectations, from the impeccable service to the luxurious amenities that await you at every turn.”

“Here, you can indulge your senses in a supreme culinary journey, where each dish is crafted with passion and creativity, offering a taste of the local flavors amidst stunning panoramic views that take your breath away. Whether you’re here for a serene retreat or an adventure-filled getaway, Windjammer promises an unforgettable experience that captures the essence of luxury and tranquility.”

“Our resort,” she continued, “is leading the way in creating unforgettable experiences. Here at Windjammer, innovation isn’t just a buzzword; it’s woven into everything we do. From cutting-edge amenities to personalized service, we’re dedicated to redefining hospitality.”

“At the heart of our mission are our guests,” chimed in Lindon Lovell. “Whether you’re: here with family, celebrating a honeymoon, planning a destination wedding, or enjoying an annual group getaway, we are passionate about ensuring every moment spent with us is extraordinary.”

“Our commitment goes beyond providing exceptional accommodations and breathtaking views. It’s about crafting memories that will last a lifetime. Innovation drives us forward, but our guests inspire us every day. Their stories, smiles, and joy are what motivates us to continually raise the bar. Whether you’re here for adventure, relaxation, or celebration, we promise an experience that exceeds your expectations.”

Overall, the experience was highly enjoyable, but to truly capture the essence of St. Lucia, I would have loved to see them incorporating more elements that reflect the island’s rich culture and vibe. Integrating local music genres like soca and reggae would have added an authentic auditory dimension, transporting participants directly to the Caribbean atmosphere.

Regarding culinary experiences, featuring more authentic St. Lucian dishes in the menu would have further enriched the experience. Highlighting local ingredients and traditional recipes could evoke a true sense of place, making guests feel they’ve embarked on a culinary journey through St. Lucia.

In essence, while the current offering was enjoyable, enhancing these elements would elevate the authenticity of the experience, ensuring guests feel truly immersed in the distinct charm of St. Lucia, rather than feeling like they’re back home.

During my time with Arlien and Lindon, the one aspect of our discussion that stuck out is the fact that no experience is cookie cutter at Windjammer. For those seeking a romantic escape, their Premium All-Inclusive Ultimate Romance Package is perfect. Enjoy intimate moments with your loved one and indulge in gourmet dining at their five unique restaurants.

If you prefer a more laid-back retreat, their Simply Luxurious Bed and Breakfast option offers island calm and simple indulgence. Wake up in paradise and savor a delicious breakfast before deciding how to spend your day.

For families looking to create lasting memories, they offer the Stay & Play. This June package, featuring a limited-time $150 USD resort credit.

No matter your preference, Windjammer Landing ensures a memorable Caribbean experience. Book your getaway now and secure your spot in paradise. Discover why St. Lucia is the ultimate destination for romance, family adventures, and unforgettable moments in 2024.

Your ultimate Caribbean escape awaits!

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Ford’s Government fails to recognize and fairly compensate ETFO members

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BY PAUL JUNOR

The ruling by William Kaplan, Chair of the Arbitration Board on Wednesday, on May 29th, 2024, with respect to compensation for teachers and occasional teachers belonging to ETFO was welcoming news for its members. It was over a year and half ago that these members of the ETFO approved a central agreement for the negotiations that concluded in December 2023. An essential part of this ratification was mandatory arbitration for compensation (salary and daily OT rate). The hearing was held on April 17th, 2024, and the ruling was finalized with the announcement of the outcome in a press release by ETFO.

Details of the ruling by the Arbitration Board was also announced by Barbara Patrocnio in a briefing by QP. It notes, “The 11.25% increase over four years becomes an 11.73% increase when compounded over the first years. Breaking down the numbers, this means increases of 3% for 2022 – 2023, 3% for 2023 -2024, 2.75% for 2024 – 2025 and 2.5% for 2025 – 2026.”

The press release by ETFO notes that their decision was based on the acknowledgement of the expertise and qualifications of OT’s which ensures that their daily OT rates will be altered to reflect the increased baseline average rate starting September 1st, 2024. In addition, the press release specifies that, “All ETFO locals with daily OT rates lower than the baseline average will increase to the new average rate plus receive the 2.75 percent awarded for the 2024 – 2025 school year. Any local with a daily OT rate higher than the new baseline average rate will continue at that rate, plus the 2.75% awarded for 2024 – 2025. All daily OT rates will then increase by an additional 2.5% in 2025 – 2026.”

The cumulative effect of these yearly increases over the course of the agreement will result in the highest pay increase in more than a decade for these ETFO members. For the OT locals, the press release states that “ETFO expects the compounded compensation increase for daily OT’s moving to the new baseline average rate to be in the range of 14% to 15%. The compensation increase for all ETFO OT locals overall should be above 13%.”

Karen Brown, President of ETFO states, “This compensation award should have been achieved at the bargaining table. Instead of coming together to reach a fair and reasonable agreement, the Ford government was intent on devaluing our members who are already facing: increased violence, insufficient support for students with special needs, heavy workloads, and burnout. This award highlights Ford’s government failure to recognize and fairly compensate ETFO members.”

President Brown notes further, “Teachers and OTs are professionals with specialized skills developed through rigorous training and continuous professional development. Just compensation honours this expertise and helps ensure dedicated, qualified individuals feel valued and remain in the teaching profession.”

The results of the arbitration decision is good news for all those who have fought strongly against the provincial government imposition of low wage increases that circumvent the collective bargaining process. Hopefully, this will ensure that in the future the PC-led government of Doug Ford will respect the integrity of the collective bargaining rights and ensure that public sector works are equitable remunerated especially in these times of high inflation, grocery prices, energy costs and rental expenses.

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