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Trapped in the loop: The devastating impact of social media on young minds

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BY KAHA G.

According to childrenshealthdefense.org, “A 2021 CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) survey conducted on 17,000 high school teenagers found nearly a third of teen girls said they had seriously considered suicide — up nearly 60% from a decade ago.” This article explores the consequences of social media on teen mental health, highlighting testimonies from experts and advocates calling for urgent change.

The CDC has warned that teen girls face record levels of depression and hopelessness. “High school should be a time for trailblazing, not trauma. These data show our kids need far more support to cope, hope, and thrive,” shared Debra Houry, M.D., M.P.H., CDC’s Chief Medical Officer and Deputy Director for Program and Science. Big tech companies only make things that much worse.

In addition to that, the CDC mentions that 1 in 5 (18%) experienced sexual violence in the past year—up 20% since 2017 when the CDC started monitoring this measure. Also, more than 1 in 10 (14%) had ever been forced to have sex—up 27% since 2019 and the first increase since the CDC began monitoring this measure. Social media shouldn’t be the first thing that teens turn to after a traumatic event like this, in fact, a good chunk of these sexual assault cases is facilitated on social media.

Furthermore, this issue has been taken to Congress, as they are debating whether restricting Big Tech could alleviate this crisis. Several child safety-focused bills to reduce children’s exposure to harmful online interactions are being proposed in this session. The Children’s Health Defense has invited three people who have testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee. The three are: Emma Lembke (a college student and Founder of the LOG OFF movement, which promotes healthy social media use among teens), and Mitch Prinstein (Professor of Psychology and neuroscience and chief science officer at the American Psychological Association). Last but not least,  Josh Golin (Executive Director of Fairplay (a Consumer Advocacy Group dedicated to ending marketing targeted at children), and Sean Parker, Facebook’s Founding President (I don’t think he is there anymore due to changes over the years).

Emma Lembke talks about the severe negative impact social media had on her mental and physical health, beginning when she joined platforms like Instagram and YouTube at age 12. The constant need for validation through likes and followers led to heightened anxiety and depression. Emma also described how algorithms recommended harmful content, like pro-anorexia videos, which contributed to her developing disordered eating and a damaged sense of self.

Emma mentioned that it took her three to four years to realize the detrimental effects of social media on her well-being. Even now, she is still working to repair the damage to her body image and mental health. This experience motivated her to start the LOG OFF movement, which aims to protect other young people from similar harm. While Emma acknowledges the positive aspects of social media, she stresses the need for regulation to protect young users from addictive and harmful content.

Mitch Prinstein highlighted the alarming rise in youth mental health issues, particularly cyberbullying and discrimination facilitated through social media. He pointed out that social media platforms expose young people to harmful content, such as encouragement to self-harm or commit suicide. This content often includes explicit instructions on how to harm oneself and even how to hide it from parents. Prinstein emphasized the need for regulation to protect youth from these dangers.

Emma Lembke highlighted the unique position of Gen Z, who, as digital natives, understand the harms present in online spaces. Emma stressed the importance of sharing these experiences to protect future generations. She advocates for a mindful approach to social media use, encouraging young people to reflect on why they use these platforms and how they can protect their well-being online.

Additionally, Josh Golin argued that social media platforms cannot be trusted to self-regulate, especially given that no significant laws have been passed to protect children online since 1998. He criticized platforms for prioritizing profit over safety, highlighting the need for new policies that: protect teens’ privacy, limit data collection, and end targeted advertising to minors. Golin called for a duty of care, where platforms would be legally obligated to consider the design and impact of their algorithms on young users. He also emphasized the need to disrupt the current business model that profits from addicting young people to harmful content.

Finally, Sean Parker, Facebook’s founding president, admitted that the platform was deliberately designed to exploit human psychology by creating a “Social-validation feedback loop.” He explained that Facebook was built to consume as much of users’ time and attention as possible, using features like “likes and comments” to deliver dopamine hits and encourage users to generate more content. Parker acknowledged that this design not only alters how people interact with each other and society, but also likely has detrimental effects on children’s brains, productivity, and overall well-being.

The influence of social media on youth has led to increased rates of anxiety, depression, and self-harm. With platforms prioritizing engagement over mental health, we must address these issues through legislative action and advocacy. The ongoing efforts to reform social media policies highlight the potential for positive change. As we work towards creating safer online environments, teens need to reflect on their social media use and seek support. Immediate action is needed to protect and support the well-being of the next generations and take care of our current ones.

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Junior Contributors

How are current trends shaping our world? Foreshadowing 2025

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Credits: raw.pixel

BY AMARI SUKHDEO

As we look toward 2025, it’s natural to wonder how current trends will shape our world. Drawing from technological advances, societal shifts, and environmental challenges observed in 2024, we can outline some plausible developments. By connecting these to existing evidence, we can better understand why these changes are likely.

Smarter AI, beyond assistants

In 2024, AI systems became more personalized and efficient, with companies investing in AI models that function locally to reduce delays and energy use. By 2025, we could see AI systems embedded in everyday tools. For instance, AI in healthcare already assists with diagnostics; next, it may empower wearable devices to provide personalized treatment suggestions based on real-time data. This isn’t just speculation; investments by tech giants like Google and Microsoft into smaller, faster AI models in 2024 lay the groundwork for this leap forward.

 Climate action driving everyday innovations

Extreme weather events and rising global temperatures made headlines in 2024, pushing governments and industries to accelerate renewable energy efforts. Solar panels and wind farms became more efficient, and electric vehicles (EVs) gained broader adoption as costs fell. In 2025, we could reasonably expect community-level energy storage solutions, like localized solar grids in neighbourhoods, offering resilience against power outages caused by climate disruptions. The sharp drop in renewable energy costs in 2024 suggests this trend will only accelerate.

Job markets evolve with AI

The growing use of AI in hiring processes was evident in 2024, with more companies testing conversational bots for initial candidate screenings. By 2025, these bots could standardize equitable hiring practices, focusing on skills rather than credentials. If trends from 2024 hold, candidates might submit work samples directly analyzed by AI, bypassing biases inherent in traditional resumes.

 Space exploration as the next frontier

Private companies made significant progress in space technology in 2024, with initiatives like reusable rockets and plans for lunar missions advancing rapidly. In 2025, commercial space tourism could become a niche industry, offering suborbital flights for high-net-worth individuals. More importantly, the ongoing development of satellite networks for global internet coverage—spearheaded by firms like SpaceX—may revolutionize connectivity in rural and underserved areas, fulfilling the promises set in motion during 2024.

Social media’s evolution

The spread of misinformation and rising concerns about mental health dominated conversations about social media in 2024. By 2025, we might see stricter regulations and innovations in platform design aimed at promoting responsible usage. For instance, algorithms may prioritize verified information or feature built-in mental health support, echoing growing public demand for ethical practices observed last year.

The predictions for 2025 are rooted in developments already in motion. Rapid strides in AI and renewable energy, coupled with societal responses to climate challenges, social media, and space suggest a future where technology is more integrated into daily life and becomes a norm. However, navigating these changes will require continued investment and ethical oversight.

https://www.eckerson.com/articles/predictions-2025-everything-is-about-to-change

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Junior Contributors

AI can be a helpful tool, but it can’t replace the special qualities that make human storytelling unique

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Photo Credits: Diana Grytsku

BY YAHYA KARIM

It has recently been found that people take a strong dislike to any stories that are labeled AI generated, even if they were truly written by a human. This might come as a surprise, but it shows how we feel about AI in creative work, such as writing stories.

The study, led by Haoran Chu, a professor of public relations, tested out how people would feel after reading two similar stories, one written by a human and one written by an AI. The participant in the study would find a label indicating which writing was AI generated, and which was written by a human. Through the experiment they switched the labels, so the readers thought they were reading an AI version of the story, when in fact they were reading the human version.

When people saw that it was an AI generated story, they seemed less interested. Even though what was written was almost identical, people did not feel that connection with the AI writing. They felt less connected if it was written by a machine.

The study found that stories written by AI can convince people just as much as those written by humans, especially when it comes to topics like health. However, AI doesn’t make readers feel as connected or immersed in the story. This is something that human writers are better at doing.

The study shows that people still really value the “human touch” in storytelling. Even though AI can write text that is clear and logical, it doesn’t have the same: emotional touch, creativity, or personal feel that humans bring to their writing. When we read a story, we trust human writers to make it feel relatable, which is something AI struggles to do.

In the future, AI might be great for writing simple facts, or basic information, but when it comes to creating deep, emotional stories humans still have the advantage. AI can be a helpful tool, but it can’t replace the special qualities that make human storytelling unique.

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Junior Contributors

Would you try tasting the virtual world? It’s just the beginning of something really cool!

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BY KHADIJA KARIM

Have you ever wished you could taste something while using virtual reality? Well, researchers from the City University of Hong Kong have come up with a way to make that happen! They invented a lollipop-shaped device that lets you taste different flavours while wearing a VR headset. It sounds like something from a futuristic movie, but it’s real!

Here’s how it works, the device holds flavoured gels, like cherry, milk, and green tea. When you put on the VR headset, a Bluetooth signal tells the lollipop what flavour to produce. A tiny electric current is then sent through the gel using a process called iontophoresis. This makes the flavour appear on your taste buds. Lollipop even uses smells to make the flavour taste real. So, when you lick the lollipop, it really does taste like the flavour you’re supposed to be experiencing.

There are some limits to the device. Right now, it can only produce nine preloaded flavours. Another issue is that the gel dries out after about an hour, so you can’t use it for too long. However, this technology is still much better than the old methods used to try and create virtual taste. In the past, some methods involved chemicals that had to be placed on your tongue, but that wasn’t easy to use. Another method had people stick electrodes to their tongues, which sounds pretty uncomfortable.

You might wonder why we need virtual taste at all. Researchers say it could be useful in medicine. For example, it could help doctors test for gustatory disorders, which are problems with taste. Imagine going to the doctor for a test where they check if you can tell the difference between the taste of milk and grapefruit. That’s something the VR lollipop could help with!

This invention could also make shopping more fun. Think about it, if you’re shopping online for snacks, or drinks, you could taste them virtually before buying. It’s like trying a sample at the store, but you can do it from your own home. It may sound a little silly, but it could help people make better decisions when buying food.

This new technology shows just how much virtual reality is changing. We’ve had visuals and sound in VR for a while, but now taste is becoming part of the experience. Who knows what’s next? Maybe in the future, we’ll taste food in VR games or try out recipes in a virtual kitchen. Even though it’s still new, it’s exciting to think about the possibilities. Would you try tasting the virtual world? It’s just the beginning of something really cool!

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