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Artificial Intelligence to help avert blindness

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BY W. GIFFORD- JONES MD & DIANA GIFFORD-JONES

How can doctors diagnose and treat 425 million worldwide diabetes patients? That number keeps going up and up, projected to reach 700 million by 2045. There are millions more with undiagnosed prediabetes. Add millions with undiagnosed hypertension. All these people are destined to lives defined by cardiovascular problems and complications that include debilitating conditions like blindness.

Diabetes is swamping healthcare systems worldwide. Let us be clear: whatever we have been doing to fight the problem, it is not working.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is offering new possibilities. Using new technologies, data science, vast quantities of medical images, and computer algorithms, it is possible to fight diseases differently. The medical model of a patient and a doctor is outdated. We need to put AI on our healthcare team and use analytical methods to predict problems before they occur and to help doctors and patients make better decisions.

Computer-assisted retinal analysis (CARA) is one such technology.  Developed by DIAGNOS, a Montreal-based company, CARA uses retina scans to detect early warning signs of big health problems. And CARA can do it on a scale that will make a big difference in fighting the diabetes epidemics.

The retina, the back part of the eye, is the only area of the body where doctors can easily see the condition of arteries and veins without invasive procedures.  Early detection of atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries) in the retinas of diabetes patients signals a warning that the same problem is occurring in coronary arteries. This is why the retina is called, “the window to the heart”.

Prevention is always better than cure. But this is easier said than done in many parts of the world where highly trained retinal specialists are in short supply. We are more fortunate in North America, but retinal checkups are mainly the purview of ophthalmologists focused on your eyes, not your cardiovascular system.

Type 2 diabetes has become a worldwide epidemic and an expensive problem for every health care system. Type 2 diabetes is not just a singular disease. Rather, by triggering atherosclerosis, it decreases blood supply to many parts of the body with catastrophic results. For example, long standing diabetes increases the risk of blindness, heart attack, and kidney failure, which may require renal dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Doctors can only treat so many patients. So this problem is an example of where we can leverage technology to screen millions of people. CARA can scan an eye in two seconds. Furthermore, it can scan hundreds of patients for hours without getting tired or making errors. We need to use AI to detect retina changes and prevent diabetes – averting countless cases of blindness and other problems, improving lives, and saving dollars.

Andre Larente, president of DIAGNOS, recently remarked, “CARA can now look at a patient’s retina, discover the presence of hypertension and predict a chance of stroke in 12 to 24 months.” Given that CARA can do this across very large populations of patients, at low cost, it’s easy to see the appeal of this technology from a health care and economic perspective, not to mention the incentive to individual patients to reduce their risk profile.

There’s no doubt that the capacities of artificial intelligence are changing the way we can fight illness, and companies like DIAGNOS are important partners in medical practice. The key is in scaling up. CARA has accumulated a vast database of retinal photos of patients worldwide.  This data can be used for predictive modeling.  So the next step will be in getting this data into the hands of those who can take steps to stop the progression of illness, change conditions leading to disease, and prevent these avoidable health problems in the first place.

Dr. W. Gifford-Jones, MD is a graduate of the University of Toronto and the Harvard Medical School. He trained in general surgery at Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University and in Gynecology at Harvard. His storied medical career began as a general practitioner, ship’s surgeon, and hotel doctor. For more than 40 years, he specialized in gynecology, devoting his practice to the formative issues of women’s health. In 1975, he launched his weekly medical column that has been published by national and local Canadian and U.S. newspapers. Today, the readership remains over seven million. His advice contains a solid dose of common sense and he never sits on the fence with controversial issues. He is the author of nine books including, “The Healthy Barmaid”, his autobiography “You’re Going To Do What?”, “What I Learned as a Medical Journalist”, and “90+ How I Got There!” Many years ago, he was successful in a fight to legalize heroin to help ease the pain of terminal cancer patients. His foundation at that time donated $500,000 to establish the Gifford-Jones Professorship in Pain Control and Palliative Care at the University of Toronto Medical School. At 93 years of age he rappelled from the top of Toronto’s City Hall (30 stories) to raise funds for children with a life-threatening disease through the Make-a-Wish Foundation.  Diana Gifford-Jones, the daughter of W. Gifford-Jones, MD, Diana has extensive global experience in health and healthcare policy.  Diana is Special Advisor with The Aga Khan University, which operates 2 quaternary care hospitals and numerous secondary hospitals, medical centres, pharmacies, and laboratories in South Asia and Africa.  She worked for ten years in the Human Development sectors at the World Bank, including health policy and economics, nutrition, and population health. For over a decade at The Conference Board of Canada, she managed four health-related executive networks, including the Roundtable on Socio-Economic Determinants of Health, the Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, the Canadian Centre for Environmental Health, and the Centre for Health System Design and Management. Her master’s degree in public policy at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government included coursework at Harvard Medical School.  She is also a graduate of Wellesley College.  She has extensive experience with Canadian universities, including at Carleton University, where she was the Executive Director of the Global Academy. She lived and worked in Japan for four years and speaks Japanese fluently. Diana has the designation as a certified Chartered Director from The Directors College, a joint venture of The Conference Board of Canada and McMaster University.  She has recently published a book on the natural health philosophy of W. Gifford-Jones, called No Nonsense Health – Naturally!

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Oh! Now we want to bring up Vanessa’s Law; Natural health industry about to take a hit

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BY SIMONE J. SMITH

Attention, valued consumers of natural health products. Important changes are on the horizon that will affect how you purchase and use your favourite health care items. New regulations are being introduced that could significantly alter the way natural health product businesses operate. These changes are not just a minor tweak; they could reshape the entire industry.

As a small business owner, these new rules could make it difficult for you to continue providing the high-quality, natural products that your customers rely on. The fear is that increased costs and compliance burdens could force many of us out of business. We understand that these changes are worrying, and we want to keep you informed. Your ability to access affordable, natural health products is at risk, and it’s crucial to stay informed and engaged.

The Canadian Federal Government’s Budget Bill C-47, enacted on June 22nd, 2023, has an application embedded within sections 500-504, which will give Health Canada extraordinary authority over the natural health products sector. Health Canada’s regulations and fees will place a considerable financial strain on natural health businesses. This could lead to significant price hikes for consumers, or even force many small and medium-sized companies to exit the Canadian market.

The new regulations by Health Canada could limit the capacity of natural health product manufacturers, practitioners, and distributors to disseminate crucial information about their products, hindering consumers’ awareness of their health benefits, and one of the most concerning aspects of this application is the potential for huge fines. These fines, which could be as high as $5,000,000 a day, will cripple and destroy the natural health community. This is particularly alarming given that natural health products are generally considered to be safe and have been used for centuries.

Now, I think that regulation in all sectors is necessary, and that is why Vanessa’s Law was enacted. Vanessa’s Law (officially known as the Protecting Canadians from Unsafe Drugs Act) was initially introduced to protect Canadians from the potential risks associated with pharmaceutical drugs (something that definitely was not followed during the pandemic). The law was named after Vanessa Young, who tragically died of a heart attack while on a prescription drug that later was deemed unsafe and removed from the market.

However, Health Canada has applied the powers and penalties found in Vanessa’s Law to natural health products through changes in the Budget Bill (Bill C-47 sections 500-504). This means that the same regulations and penalties that apply to pharmaceutical drugs now also apply to natural health products.

Health Canada is proposing amendments to the Natural Health Products Regulations and Food and Drug Regulations to align the risk-based approach to regulatory oversight for self-care products. As the scope of the regulatory proposals is significant, the proposed amendments will be advanced in separate regulatory proposals.

The new Health Canada’s Initiative is called “The Self-Care Framework.” This framework is part of a broader strategy to regulate all products that Canadians use for their health under a unified set of rules.

The Self-Care Framework is designed to categorize health products into three groups:

  • Natural health products
  • Non-prescription drugs
  • Cosmetics

The goal is to regulate these products based on their risk level, with higher-risk products subject to more stringent regulations. However, the introduction of this framework will significantly reshape the natural health products landscape in Canada. A key concern is that the framework could limit the health claims that can be made about natural health products, restricting them to minor health issues. This could pose challenges for manufacturers in marketing their products effectively and for consumers in understanding the potential benefits of these products.

The Conservative and NDP health critics both say their offices were swamped last summer with messages from constituents worried the regulatory changes could lead to increased prices and fewer choices for consumers, but the most contentious regulatory change is still to come. Opposition MPs say it’s the one driving most of the public backlash. The planned change would force natural health producers to reimburse Health Canada for the cost of monitoring and approving their products before they hit the market.

Another concerning aspect of the Self-Care Framework is the potential for increased censorship of health information. Health Canada’s new regulations could significantly limit the ability of natural health product manufacturers and practitioners to share information about their products – regardless of their proven health benefits, or even if they are backed by studies.

Many of us depended on natural products for the health and the health of their families.  Some of our readers are not just consumers; some of you are entrepreneurs in the natural products industry. These impending changes will directly affect our personal health choices. I believe this is fundamentally wrong and against our Charter of Rights as Canadian citizens.

As consumers, it’s important to understand these potential penalties and how they might impact the availability of natural health products. The application of Vanessa’s Law to natural health products is a significant change that could have far-reaching implications.

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Ontario Celebrates Education Week and Children’s Mental Health Week

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Photo Credit: Press Foto

BY PAUL JUNOR

It has been 94 years now since Education Week has been recognized since it was created in 1930 by the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation. (OSSTF/FESSO). It was celebrated from Monday, May 6th to Friday, May 20th, 2024. It is a time to highlight the work performed by teachers and education workers for the students in Ontario from kindergarten to post-secondary.

The theme that was selected for 2024 by OSSTF/FEESO was “Public Schools, The Heart of Your Community.” According to the website, “This year, more than ever, it will be important for our members to recognize Education Week and to get involved in their union. Teachers and education workers should be proud of highlighting their work in their: schools, neighborhoods and communities.”

It was noted that Peel District School Board will be joining school boards across the province celebrating Education Week May 6th to 10th, 2024. The theme selected by the PDSB was “Together We Thrive.” The largest School Board in Canada, the Toronto District School Board (TDSB) celebrated Education Week by focusing on several things. They highlighted some of the great things happening across the TDSB that demonstrate how: students, staff, and the wider TDSB community achieve, belong, and thrive in revitalized environments that are inclusive, safe and modern.

On Monday, May 6th, the Elementary Teachers’ Federation of Ontario (ETFO) issued a press release to celebrate the importance of public-school educators. Karen Brown, President of ETFO writes, “The commitment and professionalism of ETFO members and other education workers are what continue to sustain our public schools. As we celebrate Education Week, let us take a moment to express our gratitude to those whose determined efforts help to make the world a better place.”

ETFO has been quite vocal in its opposition to the provincial underfunding of public education since it came into power in 2019 and with the recently released budget. President Brown notes further, “By once again failing to allocate funding in the 2024 provincial budget; the Conservatives have chosen to perpetuate a crisis that continues to undermine public education.

Despite a growing need to invest in Ontario’s education system, the government persists in depriving it of resources it desperately needs. This callous disregard of the challenges educators face is a damning indictment of the government’s priorities.”

Children’s Mental Health Week, which coincides with the start of Education Week saw TDSB collate a collection of information and resources that focus on conversations with respect to the ways that the well-being in schools can be maximized and enhanced. The theme selected by the Canadian Mental Health Association is “A Call to Be Kind Because Compassion Connects Us All.” Mental Health Week was celebrated from May 6th to May 12th. The CMHA notes,” We all have the capacity to be compassionate, and we know that doing so makes an enormous difference.” It states further that “We are centered on the healing power of compassion. In a world plagued by suffering, we emphasize that kindness is equally intrinsic to our humanity.” The CMHA puts out a call to Canadians to think of ways that compassion connects us as one nation.

On Tuesday, May 7th, 2024, the TDSB focused on the importance of its Early Years programs. It notes, “The early years of a child’s life are critical for building a strong foundation for future success. Students in these early ages provide safe, challenging and engaging environments where children can learn, develop a strong sense of belonging, and continue to thrive throughout their educational journey.”

On Wednesday, May 8th, 2024, the TDSB focused on the importance of its Elementary Schools and Outdoor Learning programs. This was provided to show its commitment to: outdoor learning, giving students, and staff the chance to nurture their love for learning by discovering the environments around them.

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Retail media is the way of the future for most brands (assault upon consumers senses)

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Photo Credit: Freepik

BY STEVEN KASZAB

Going shopping will soon become an experience you won’t be expecting. Retail space and locations across the sector are going to shrink, while the effects of retail multi-media will increase. Consumers will be facing a cascading of different types of retail media all whose purpose it is to get them to trust a brand and buy, buy, and buy more.

Psychologists suggest that many consumers will be overwhelmed by this unending barrage of retail media on their: televisions, screens, and portable devices, leading the consumer to a retail environment where signage and screens are positioned everywhere, from: the floorscape, to signage on all shelving, and even the ceiling.

Imagine going to a mall in Thunder Bay, and as you approach the mall entrance a dozen homeless people call out for money, putting you in a tight spot feeling as if you’re being assaulted. You feel like you should never have gone to that mall. Now you’re in a brand store. Approaching its entrance are big screens, electrical devices, and scanning devices identifying you, and devising what your needs are through social media outlets these devices can enter. Once inside, everywhere you turn there are flashing screens and information packs. The retailer has applied known psychological methods to persuade the consumer they want to be there; they want to buy a product and experience the brand.

Through the physical store environment, and across relevant content sites, the retail media can link the brands paid marketing to every sale that happens in the physical store. Multi channeled retail media instore reinforces the brands message and creates a smoother shopping experience. The consumer feels as though they have to buy something! A customer-centric experience, with data driven insights compel the consumers to purchase.

A direct connection between in store experience with the brands online presence assures the retailer that whoever enters their store will be encapsulated into their: corporate mindset, message, and sales accomplished.

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